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The use of natural processes in reclamation — advantages and difficulties

Anthony Bradshaw
Landscape and Urban Planning
Volume 51, Issues 2-4, 15 October 2000, Pages 89-100
doi:10.1016/S0169-2046(00)00099-2

Diversity of soil macro-invertebrates in grasslands under restoration succession

Lia Hemerik and Lijbert Brussaarda
European Journal of Soil Biology
Volume 38, Issue 2, April-June 2002, Pages 145-150
doi:10.1016/S1164-5563(02)01136-6

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The use of natural processes in reclamation — advantages and difficulties

Anthony Bradshaw

Abstract
The damage to soil and vegetation caused by mining, unless prevented by careful planning, is usually extreme, because the original ecosystems have had to be grossly disturbed or buried by the mining process. Radical reconstruction is therefore required. In nature this takes place by the well-known processes of primary succession, without human assistance. In the interest of economy and the maintenance of our natural resources, reclamation should attempt to involve the same processes. But primary succession on raw substrates can take several centuries to complete. This paper attempts to analyse what seem to be the factors that limit the processes involved and how they can be overcome by ameliorative treatments. It examines in particular how long this amelioration will take and how much it is likely to cost. Knowing this we are then be able to include a natural approach in land reclamation effectively.

Keywords: Primary succession; Natural regeneration; Low cost reclamation; Ecosystem function; Derelict land; Mining; Biodiversity

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anny

Diversity of soil macro-invertebrates in grasslands under restoration succession

Lia Hemerik and Lijbert Brussaarda
European Journal of Soil Biology
Volume 38, Issue 2, April-June 2002, Pages 145-150

Abstract
In grasslands under restoration succession, the effect of nutrient impoverishment on the vegetation has been intensively studied. The invertebrate soil animal community has, however, rarely been studied under such conditions. We hypothesised that a plant community in nutrient-poor grasslands supports fewer macro-invertebrate individuals than richer grasslands. We also hypothesised that the composition of the macro-arthropod community is specific for a certain stage of vegetation succession, i.e. nutrient impoverishment. A detailed sampling programme was carried out in four grasslands under restoration succession. The time since last fertilisation differed for these four grasslands (7, 11, 24 and 29 years). The lowest total number of individuals in different taxonomic groups of macro-invertebrates was found in the most impoverished field in the majority of cases. Analysis of the data set for all specimens identified to order or family level with a canonical correspondence analysis resulted in a pattern not related to successional stage. The same holds when the species composition of the ground beetles was analysed separately. Short-term abiotic factors explained a significant part of the variation in both analyses. With the same multivariate analysis, however, the adult weevils, identified to species level, showed a clear relation with nutrient status of the grasslands.

Keywords: Carabidae; Curculionidae; Macro-invertebrates; Diversity; Restoration succession

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