[讨论]programmatic CDM

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　前两周CDM UNFCCC做出了一项决定，关于programmatic CDM的事情，最大的一个变化就是，同意在建筑中可以同时使用more than one methodologies.
　　
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　　下面的是去年的版本。
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　　The concept of a Programme of Activities (PoA) (often called Programmatic CDM) is described in EB 32, Annex 38, paragraph 1 as follows:
　　
　　 A programme of activities (PoA) is a voluntary coordinated action by a private or public entity which coordinates and implements any policy/measure or stated goal (i.e. incentive schemes and voluntary programmes), which leads to anthropogenic GHG emission reductions or net anthropogenic greenhouse gas removals by sinks that are additional to any that would occur in the absence of the PoA, via an unlimited number of CPAs (EB 32, Annex 38, paragraph 1).
　　
　　Therefore, a PoA is:
　　
　　 * A voluntary action,
　　 * Implementing a policy, measure or stated goal,
　　 * Coordinated by a public or private entity,
　　 * Resulting in emission reductions or removals that are additional.
　　
　　The PoA has its origins in a decision of the COP/MOP that local/regional/national policies or standards cannot be considered as CDM project activities, but project activities under a PoA can be registered as a single CDM project activity:
　　
　　 The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties, ...
　　
　　 20. Decides that a local/regional/national policy or standard cannot be considered as a clean development mechanism project activity, but that project activities under a programme of activities can be registered as a single clean development mechanism project activity provided that approved baseline and monitoring methodologies are used that, inter alia, define the appropriate boundary, avoid double-counting and account for leakage, ensuring that the emission reductions are real, measurable and verifiable, and additional to any that would occur in the absence of the project activity (7/CMP.1, paragraph 20).
　　
　　A PoA is made up of CDM Programme Activities (CPAs). Multiple CPAs can be included under a PoA at the time of registration and additional CPAs can be added at any point in the life of the PoA.
　　
　　A CPA is defined as:
　　
　　 a project activity under a programme of activities. A CPA is a single, or a set of interrelated measure(s), to reduce GHG emissions or result in net anthropogenic greenhouse gas removals by sinks, applied within a designated area defined in the baseline methodology (EB 32, Annex 38, page 1).
　　
　　A PoA can involve CPAs being run in multiple countries, in which case a separate letter of approval would be required from each Party involved:
　　
　　 The physical boundary of a PoA may extend to more than one country provided that each participating non-annex I host Party provides confirmation that the PoA, and thereby all
　　 CPAs, assists it in achieving sustainable development (EB 32, Annex 38, paragraph 2).
　　
　　The private or public entity that coordinates the PoA is referred to as a coordinating/managing entity.
　　
　　A PoA is distinct from a bundle of small-scale projects, because it is possible to add new CPAs to a PoA without undertaking the validation process afresh. No registration fee is payable on CPAs which are added subsequently to validation.